North Dakota: Attorney & Judicial Discipline
Who regulates lawyers and judges in North Dakota, how complaints are filed, counted, and adjudicated, and where the complaint and disposition numbers come from.
Attorney discipline
Who regulates lawyers in North Dakota Partial statistics
Attorney discipline in North Dakota is administered by the Disciplinary Board of the ND Supreme Court (Office of Disciplinary Counsel), under the ultimate authority of the North Dakota Supreme Court.
About -187.0% of complaints proceed past initial screening (2024); the rest are screened out or dismissed.
How complaints are filed
A complaint (often called a grievance) against a lawyer is filed directly with the Disciplinary Board of the ND Supreme Court (Office of Disciplinary Counsel), typically via an online or printable complaint form. Filing is free and no lawyer is needed. The agency screens each filing to confirm it involves an attorney under its jurisdiction and conduct that could violate the rules of professional conduct; filings that survive screening are opened for investigation. The disciplinary process addresses professional misconduct — it cannot overturn a case result or award damages.
How complaints are counted
Aggregate statistics are only partially published. Available metrics: complaints, dispositions, public sanctions (embedded in court report). Format: Annual-report PDF; coverage: 2020–2025 online (archive to 1991). No standalone board report; stats inside statewide court report.
How complaints are adjudicated
North Dakota follows the standard three-stage model used across U.S. jurisdictions: disciplinary counsel screens and investigates; where warranted, formal charges are heard by a hearing panel or disciplinary board, which recommends a sanction; and final authority over public discipline — disbarment, suspension, public censure or reprimand — rests with the North Dakota Supreme Court. Lesser private discipline (admonitions) may issue below the court level and never becomes public. Exact panel composition, deadlines, and appeal rights are set by the jurisdiction's disciplinary rules.
| Year | Complaints received | Publicly disciplined | Disbarments | Public suspensions | Public reprimands censures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 156 | 5 | — | — | — |
| 2020 | 105 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 133 | — | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2022 | 105 | — | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| 2023 | 155 | — | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| 2024 | 174 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Judicial discipline
Who regulates judges in North Dakota No published statistics
Complaints against North Dakota state judges are handled by the North Dakota Judicial Conduct Commission. (Federal judges sitting in North Dakota are covered by the separate federal system.)
How complaints are filed
Complaints about North Dakota judges are filed in writing with the North Dakota Judicial Conduct Commission. Filing is free and confidential. The commission's jurisdiction covers judicial conduct — bias, demeanor, conflicts, delay, abuse of office — not the legal correctness of rulings, which must be challenged on appeal. Complaints are screened confidentially, and most are dismissed at that stage.
How complaints are counted
This state publishes no aggregate judicial discipline statistics of its own. Meetings/minutes confidential per Rule 6; nothing published.
How complaints are adjudicated
If screening indicates possible misconduct, the commission investigates and may file formal charges heard in a formal proceeding. In most states the commission's role ends in a recommendation, with final public discipline — censure, suspension, or removal — imposed by the state's highest court; in some, the commission itself imposes sanctions subject to review. North Dakota's exact division of authority is set by its constitution and court rules. Confidential dispositions (private cautions or advisory letters) never become public.
| Year | Complaints received | Dispositions total | Private discipline | Formal complaints filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 38 | 41 | — | — |
| 2021 | 34 | 28 | 4 | — |
| 2022 | 44 | 52 | — | 1 |
| 2023 | 42 | 37 | — | — |
| 2024 | 37 | 42 | — | 1 |
Sources
Where these numbers come from
- Disciplinary Board of the ND Supreme Court (Office of Disciplinary Counsel) — attorney discipline statistics
- Disciplinary Board of the ND Supreme Court (Office of Disciplinary Counsel) — main site
- ABA Survey on Lawyer Discipline Systems (S.O.L.D.)
- NCSC Center for Judicial Ethics — annual state judicial-discipline reviews